想必有使用過 Fontforge 這個字型編輯器的朋友都知道,他目前無法由純文字的形式來找字型裡頭的
各個字,必需知道某個字的實際 Unicode
碼位,或者是他的字序,才能方便的找到所需要的字,這在字數繁多的中文字就很頭疼了。尤其,如果這個字怎麼寫不完全清楚的話,那麼只能像查字典一樣的,由
部首來下手找起。
幸好,Unicode 的中文字排列,雖然有其他延伸後來補上的部份,但大致上各部份都能依我們中文字典的部首排列的方式來置放,使得我們在找字的時候會比較方便些。
通常由原字型已存在的字,把其中的部首、偏旁、筆畫拆下來,另組合成新字,這在自由字型是最常見,也是最方便的造字方法。因為自由字型的授權允許我 們合法的這樣修改,而這樣組合也最能符合原字型的整體風格。如果是自行去畫個新字,那麼在大字的時候,可能會覺得看起來很一致,但在一般的螢幕、紙本印刷 品中,和其它原字一字排開下就會發覺不協調情形,這在目前的報章雜誌的造字,相信大家都曾察覺到新造的字常會顯得突兀的經驗。
這裡整理了一下在 Unicode 中,中文各部首的起始碼位,這樣想要造新字的時候,想找看看是否有可以利用的其他原字的部首、偏旁,就可以很快的由 Fontforge 的 Goto 功能(或按鍵 Ctrl-Shift->)來輸入這些碼位(請在碼位前加個 u),很快就能找到所需要的字,這就像我們依部首在查字典一樣。
|
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部首 | KangXi | CJKExtA | CJKHan | CJKExtB |
|
||||
一 | U+2F00 | U+3400 | U+4E00 | U+20000 |
丨 | U+2F01 | U+3404 | U+4E28 | U+20061 |
丶 | U+2F02 | NA | U+4E36 | U+2007C |
丿 | U+2F03 | U+3405 | U+4E3F | U+20086 |
乙乚 | U+2F04 | U+3407 | U+4E59 | U+200CF |
亅 | U+2F05 | U+3427 | U+4E85 | U+2010C |
二 | U+2F06 | U+3429 | U+4E8C | U+2011E |
亠 | U+2F07 | U+342A | U+4EA0 | U+20141 |
人 | U+2F08 | U+3430 | U+4EBA | U+201A3 |
儿 | U+2F09 | U+34AB | U+513F | U+20476 |
入 | U+2F0A | U+34B0 | U+5165 | U+204DB |
八 | U+2F0B | U+34B5 | U+516B | U+20500 |
冂 | U+2F0C | U+34BA | U+5182 | U+2053C |
冖 | U+2F0D | U+34CD | U+5196 | U+20573 |
冫 | U+2F0E | U+34C5 | U+51AB | U+205AC |
几 | U+2F0F | U+34D8 | U+51E0 | U+20627 |
凵 | U+2F10 | U+34D9 | U+51F5 | U+20674 |
刀刂 | U+2F11 | U+34DA | U+5200 | U+206A3 |
力 | U+2F12 | U+3513 | U+529B | U+20832 |
勹 | U+2F13 | U+3528 | U+52F9 | U+208CC |
匕 | U+2F14 | U+352B | U+5315 | U+2090E |
匚 | U+2F15 | U+352F | U+531A | U+2092C |
匸 | U+2F16 | U+3537 | U+5338 | U+2096E |
十 | U+2F17 | U+3539 | U+5341 | U+2097B |
卜 | U+2F18 | U+353D | U+535C | U+209D2 |
卩㔾 | U+2F19 | U+353E | U+5369 | U+20A0D |
厂 | U+2F1A | U+3542 | U+5382 | U+20A2C |
厶 | U+2F1B | U+3555 | U+53B6 | U+20AD3 |
又 | U+2F1C | U+355A | U+53C8 | U+20B1A |
口 | U+2F1D | U+3563 | U+53E3 | U+20B99 |
囗 | U+2F1E | U+361D | U+56D7 | U+211A0 |
土 | U+2F1F | U+3626 | U+571F | U+2123C |
士 | U+2F20 | U+3683 | U+58EB | U+2151B |
夂 | U+2F21 | U+3685 | U+5902 | U+21552 |
夊 | U+2F22 | U+3686 | U+590A | U+2155E |
夕 | U+2F23 | U+3688 | U+5915 | U+21584 |
大 | U+2F24 | U+368E | U+5927 | U+215D2 |
女 | U+2F25 | U+36A2 | U+5973 | U+216A6 |
子 | U+2F26 | U+373D | U+5B50 | U+2193C |
宀 | U+2F27 | U+3749 | U+5B80 | U+219B9 |
寸 | U+2F28 | U+3773 | U+5BF8 | U+21B1D |
小 | U+2F29 | U+3778 | U+5C0F | U+21B54 |
尢尣 | U+2F2A | U+377C | U+5C22 | U+21BC1 |
尸 | U+2F2B | U+378B | U+5C38 | U+21C23 |
屮 | U+2F2C | U+37A2 | U+5C6E | U+21CFE |
山 | U+2F2D | U+37A4 | U+5C71 | U+21D2D |
巛川 | U+2F2E | U+3829 | U+5DDB | U+21FE6 |
工 | U+2F2F | U+382A | U+5DE5 | U+22011 |
己 | U+2F30 | U+382F | U+5DF1 | U+22034 |
巾 | U+2F31 | U+3832 | U+5DFE | U+22052 |
干 | U+2F32 | NA | U+5E72 | U+22189 |
幺 | U+2F33 | U+386B | U+5E7A | U+221AF |
广 | U+2F34 | U+386F | U+5E7F | U+221D7 |
廴 | U+2F35 | U+389F | U+5EF4 | U+22317 |
廾 | U+2F36 | U+38A1 | U+5EFE | U+2232C |
弋 | U+2F37 | U+38A4 | U+5F0B | U+2237A |
弓 | U+2F38 | U+38A7 | U+5F13 | U+22397 |
彐彑 | U+2F39 | U+38C7 | U+5F50 | U+2244F |
彡 | U+2F3A | U+38C9 | U+5F61 | U+22480 |
彳 | U+2F3B | U+38D4 | U+5F73 | U+224BC |
心忄 | U+2F3C | U+38FA | U+5FC3 | U+225A9 |
戈 | U+2F3D | U+39AE | U+6208 | U+2298C |
戶 | U+2F3E | U+39BE | U+6236 | U+22A24 |
手扌 | U+2F3F | U+39C3 | U+624B | U+22A65 |
支 | U+2F40 | U+3A7A | U+652F | U+22EB5 |
攴攵 | U+2F41 | U+3A7F | U+6534 | U+22EEB |
文 | U+2F42 | U+3AAF | U+6587 | U+23041 |
斗 | U+2F43 | U+3AB2 | U+6597 | U+2306C |
斤 | U+2F44 | U+3ABC | U+65A4 | U+23091 |
方 | U+2F45 | U+3AC3 | U+65B9 | U+230D7 |
无 | U+2F46 | NA | U+65E0 | U+2312D |
日 | U+2F47 | U+3AD0 | U+65E5 | U+2313B |
曰 | U+2F48 | U+3B30 | U+66F0 | U+23321 |
月 | U+2F49 | U+3B33 | U+6708 | U+2335D |
木 | U+2F4A | U+3B41 | U+6728 | U+233B3 |
欠 | U+2F4B | U+3C1D | U+6B20 | U+23880 |
止 | U+2F4C | U+3C4F | U+6B62 | U+23942 |
歹歺 | U+2F4D | U+3C59 | U+6B79 | U+239B5 |
殳 | U+2F4E | U+3C7C | U+6BB3 | U+23A82 |
毋 | U+2F4F | NA | U+6BCB | U+23AEC |
比 | U+2F50 | U+3C8B | U+6BD4 | U+23B02 |
毛 | U+2F51 | U+3C8C | U+6BDB | U+23B1B |
氏 | U+2F52 | U+3CB3 | U+6C0F | U+23C45 |
气 | U+2F53 | U+3CB4 | U+6C14 | U+23C55 |
水氵 | U+2F54 | U+3CB8 | U+6C34 | U+23C71 |
火灬 | U+2F55 | U+3DA1 | U+706B | U+24182 |
爪爫 | U+2F56 | U+3E12 | U+722A | U+244EF |
父 | U+2F57 | U+3E16 | U+7236 | U+2454E |
爻 | U+2F58 | U+3E1A | U+723B | U+2455C |
爿 | U+2F59 | U+3E1B | U+723F | U+2456A |
片 | U+2F5A | U+3E1D | U+7247 | U+245A8 |
牙 | U+2F5B | U+3E26 | U+7259 | U+24605 |
牛牜 | U+2F5C | U+3E28 | U+725B | U+24614 |
犬犭 | U+2F5D | U+3E5C | U+72AC | U+2471A |
玄 | U+2F5E | NA | U+7384 | U+248E5 |
玉王⺩ | U+2F5F | U+3EA8 | U+7389 | U+248E9 |
瓜 | U+2F60 | U+3F09 | U+74DC | U+24AEA |
瓦 | U+2F61 | U+3F17 | U+74E6 | U+24B26 |
甘 | U+2F62 | U+3F4D | U+7518 | U+24BBA |
生 | U+2F63 | U+3F52 | U+751F | U+24BD3 |
用 | U+2F64 | NA | U+7528 | U+24C03 |
田 | U+2F65 | U+3F55 | U+7530 | U+24C12 |
疋⺪ | U+2F66 | U+3F70 | U+758B | U+24D13 |
疒 | U+2F67 | U+3F71 | U+7592 | U+24D25 |
癶 | U+2F68 | NA | U+7676 | U+24F25 |
白 | U+2F69 | U+3FDD | U+767D | U+24F3D |
皮 | U+2F6A | U+3FEA | U+76AE | U+24FC6 |
皿 | U+2F6B | U+3FFB | U+76BF | U+2503F |
目⺲ | U+2F6C | U+400E | U+76EE | U+250E4 |
矛 | U+2F6D | U+4086 | U+77DB | U+2535D |
矢 | U+2F6E | U+408F | U+77E2 | U+253A6 |
石 | U+2F6F | U+4096 | U+77F3 | U+25415 |
示礻 | U+2F70 | U+40FC | U+793A | U+25605 |
禸 | U+2F71 | NA | U+79B8 | U+2573B |
禾 | U+2F72 | U+4126 | U+79BE | U+2574C |
穴 | U+2F73 | U+4191 | U+7A74 | U+25922 |
立 | U+2F74 | U+41C2 | U+7ACB | U+25A55 |
竹⺮ | U+2F75 | U+41D6 | U+7AF9 | U+25AD7 |
米 | U+2F76 | U+427A | U+7C73 | U+25E25 |
糸糹 | U+2F77 | U+42B5 | U+7CF8 | U+25F85 |
缶 | U+2F78 | U+4342 | U+7F36 | U+26222 |
网罒罓 | U+2F79 | U+434F | U+7F51 | U+2626A |
羊 | U+2F7A | U+4367 | U+7F8A | U+2634B |
羽 | U+2F7B | U+437E | U+7FBD | U+263F2 |
老 | U+2F7C | U+439B | U+8001 | U+264B1 |
而 | U+2F7D | U+439F | U+800C | U+264CE |
耒 | U+2F7E | U+43A2 | U+8012 | U+264E4 |
耳 | U+2F7F | U+43B2 | U+8033 | U+2652E |
聿 | U+2F80 | U+43CB | U+807F | U+26612 |
肉⺼ | U+2F81 | U+43CC | U+8089 | U+26629 |
臣 | U+2F82 | U+4450 | U+81E3 | U+268DD |
自 | U+2F83 | NA | U+81EA | U+268F9 |
至 | U+2F84 | U+4452 | U+81F3 | U+26933 |
臼 | U+2F85 | U+4454 | U+81FC | U+26951 |
舌 | U+2F86 | U+4459 | U+820C | U+269C6 |
舛 | U+2F87 | U+445D | U+821B | U+269EE |
舟 | U+2F88 | U+4460 | U+821F | U+26A07 |
艮 | U+2F89 | NA | U+826E | U+26ACB |
色 | U+2F8A | U+448A | U+8272 | U+26AD3 |
艸艹 | U+2F8B | U+4491 | U+8278 | U+26AF3 |
虍 | U+2F8C | U+4588 | U+864D | U+2719B |
虫 | U+2F8D | U+459D | U+866B | U+2721D |
血 | U+2F8E | U+460F | U+8840 | U+275A7 |
行 | U+2F8F | U+4615 | U+884C | U+275DD |
衣衤 | U+2F90 | U+461A | U+8863 | U+27607 |
襾 | U+2F91 | U+4672 | U+897E | U+277E0 |
見 | U+2F92 | U+4677 | U+898B | U+27806 |
角 | U+2F93 | U+4697 | U+89D2 | U+278B2 |
言 | U+2F94 | U+46AE | U+8A00 | U+2795B |
谷 | U+2F95 | U+472A | U+8C37 | U+27BAB |
豆 | U+2F96 | U+4733 | U+8C46 | U+27BDA |
豕 | U+2F97 | U+4745 | U+8C55 | U+27C26 |
豸 | U+2F98 | U+4756 | U+8C78 | U+27CA0 |
貝 | U+2F99 | U+4767 | U+8C9D | U+27D24 |
赤 | U+2F9A | U+4791 | U+8D64 | U+27E58 |
走 | U+2F9B | U+4796 | U+8D70 | U+27E86 |
足 | U+2F9C | U+47D3 | U+8DB3 | U+27FB7 |
身 | U+2F9D | U+4832 | U+8EAB | U+2820F |
車 | U+2F9E | U+4842 | U+8ECA | U+282A0 |
辛 | U+2F9F | U+4883 | U+8F9B | U+2840B |
辰 | U+2FA0 | U+4885 | U+8FB0 | U+28443 |
辵⻌⻍⻎ | U+2FA1 | U+488A | U+8FB5 | U+2844D |
邑⻏ | U+2FA2 | U+48B3 | U+9091 | U+28668 |
酉 | U+2FA3 | U+48E5 | U+9149 | U+287F1 |
釆 | U+2FA4 | NA | U+91C6 | U+2890F |
里 | U+2FA5 | U+491A | U+91CC | U+28922 |
金 | U+2FA6 | U+491B | U+91D1 | U+2893D |
長镸 | U+2FA7 | U+4987 | U+9577 | U+28C57 |
門 | U+2FA8 | U+498C | U+9580 | U+28CC7 |
阜阝 | U+2FA9 | U+49B9 | U+961C | U+28E0F |
隶 | U+2FAA | NA | U+96B6 | U+28F76 |
隹 | U+2FAB | U+49F1 | U+96B9 | U+28F85 |
雨 | U+2FAC | U+4A0B | U+96E8 | U+29076 |
靑 | U+2FAD | U+4A3C | U+9751 | U+291D5 |
非 | U+2FAE | U+4A3D | U+975E | U+291E6 |
面 | U+2FAF | U+4A42 | U+9762 | U+29203 |
革 | U+2FB0 | U+4A50 | U+9769 | U+2925B |
韋 | U+2FB1 | U+4AF8 | U+97CB | U+29392 |
韭 | U+2FB2 | U+4A9E | U+97ED | U+29401 |
音 | U+2FB3 | U+4AA6 | U+97F3 | U+29417 |
頁 | U+2FB4 | U+4AB1 | U+9801 | U+2944B |
風 | U+2FB5 | U+4AF8 | U+98A8 | U+29598 |
飛 | U+2FB6 | U+4B20 | U+98DB | U+29671 |
食 | U+2FB7 | U+4B22 | U+98DF | U+2967F |
首 | U+2FB8 | U+4B6B | U+9996 | U+29810 |
香 | U+2FB9 | U+4B6F | U+9999 | U+2983A |
馬 | U+2FBA | U+4B74 | U+99AC | U+29867 |
骨 | U+2FBB | U+4BC6 | U+9AA8 | U+29A11 |
高 | U+2FBC | U+4BE7 | U+9AD8 | U+29ABF |
髟 | U+2FBD | U+4BED | U+9ADF | U+29AF4 |
鬥 | U+2FBE | U+4C17 | U+9B25 | U+29C0A |
鬯 | U+2FBF | NA | U+9B2F | U+29C20 |
鬲 | U+2FC0 | U+4C19 | U+9B32 | U+29C2B |
鬼 | U+2FC1 | U+4C1F | U+9B3C | U+29C79 |
魚 | U+2FC2 | U+4C32 | U+9B5A | U+29D4B |
鳥 | U+2FC3 | U+4CA5 | U+9CE5 | U+29F8F |
鹵 | U+2FC4 | U+4D1A | U+9E75 | U+2A256 |
鹿 | U+2FC5 | U+4D1F | U+9E7F | U+2A28B |
麥 | U+2FC6 | U+4D2C | U+9EA5 | U+2A2FC |
麻 | U+2FC7 | U+4D47 | U+9EBB | U+2A391 |
黃 | U+2FC8 | U+4D4A | U+9EC3 | U+2A3B3 |
黍 | U+2FC9 | U+4D51 | U+9ECD | U+2A3ED |
黑 | U+2FCA | U+4D5D | U+9ED1 | U+2A417 |
黹 | U+2FCB | NA | U+9EF9 | U+2A4CB |
黽 | U+2FCC | U+4D76 | U+9EFD | U+2A4D1 |
鼎 | U+2FCD | U+4D7A | U+9F0E | U+2A502 |
鼓 | U+2FCE | U+4D7D | U+9F13 | U+2A50B |
鼠 | U+2FCF | U+4D82 | U+9F20 | U+2A538 |
鼻 | U+2FD0 | U+4D8A | U+9F3B | U+2A590 |
齊 | U+2FD1 | U+4D92 | U+9F4A | U+2A5C4 |
齒 | U+2FD2 | U+4D94 | U+9F52 | U+2A5D4 |
龍 | U+2FD3 | U+4DAC | U+9F8D | U+2A691 |
龜 | U+2FD4 | U+4DAF | U+9F9C | U+2A6A6 |
龠 | U+2FD5 | U+4DB3 | U+9FA0 | U+2A6CA |
|
||||
註一:KangXi(U+2F00-U+2FD5) 指康熙部首實際的 code point。 | ||||
註二:CJKExtA(U+3400-U+4DFF) 指 CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A。 | ||||
註三:CJKHan(U+4E00-U+9FFF) 指 CJK Unified Ideographs。 | ||||
註四:CJKExtB(U+20000-U+2A6DF) 指 CJK Unified Ideographs Extension B。 |
如果由於字型的關係,如果你的瀏覽器無法正確顯示表中的部首的話,這裡有 PDF 格式可供查閱:
http://edt1023.sayya.org/fonts/kangxi-ucs.pdf
我不是漢學專家,有些部首可能會弄錯,尤其是 CJK Extension B 的那些怪字。但應該只會差幾個碼位,對於想依部首找字的用途不會有很大的影響。但如果有更正確的資訊,那當然是歡迎大家提出來把他修正,以方便其他朋友在 其他用途上的利用。
當然,我們在取出某個字的部首或筆畫的時候,盡可能不做大幅度的縮放,因為這會使得筆畫變細或變粗,這樣會和原字的筆畫粗細不一致。所以,究竟該從 哪一個字取出它的筆畫出來組合新字,可能就需要各位造字的朋友多費點心思去找適當的字了。
【修正】 Wed May 17 00:37:01 CST 2006
fontforge 的 goto 功能,亦可以使用純文字的方式找字,但目前似無法直接輸入中文,可以使用 copy&paste
的方式來輸入中文,就可以馬上到達這個字的位置。但超過 Unicode BMP 的字,例如 CJK Ext B 的字還是無法正常運作。
jserv 利用 Cairo,寫了一個小工具,他可以印出某字型中,某個碼位範圍的圖檔(png, ps, pdf 皆可),滿有趣的:
http://blog.linux.org.tw/~jserv/archives/001607.html
我上面的那個表格,其實不是刻出來的,是由 Ruby 寫的一個小工具所輸出的,包括,編譯成 PDF 的那個 LaTeX 文稿,也是 Ruby 所寫,所輸出的,並不是直接寫 HTML/TeX。:D
不過,jserv 的方式,無疑的留下了很大的想像空間,利用 Cairo,可能可以做更細節的處理,值得深究。
是的,這個表格完全是自製的,所參考的只是 Unicode 所公佈的碼位對應,自行去查表、對應的。
我安裝了第五代倉頡輸入法世紀版
http://www.chinesecj.com/newsoftware/index3.php?Type=1
它支持七萬簡繁漢字,內碼 Unicode4.0、BIG5、GB18030、GBK、GB
所以看到大部份的部首字。可是,
「辵」之後的三個部首字就看不到了。
PDF裡的都能看到。
請問你是用什麼 FONT?
此 FONT 可安裝到WINDOWS XP上嗎?
另外,你可以把其他變體的部首字的 UNICODE 碼也列出來嗎?
(如「衣」後的「衤」)
謝謝
請使用 HAN NOM 字型,可以參考一下這個討論串:
http://cle.linux.org.tw/forum/viewtopic.php?t=908
那些所謂的『變體』部首,是在 CJKHan 那個部份,從那個起始碼位就可以查得到。