Can Climate Campaigns Withstand a Cooling Test?

coolLight snow in New York City last December (Damon Winter/The New York Times)

If the new forecast of a decade of cooler temperatures in North America and Europe pans out, it will pose a substantial challenge to climate campaigners, politicians, and citizens: Can they produce meaningful action to limit the long-term warming that scientists still say is clearly ahead under a building greenhouse blanket even when it’s cooling outside?

[Insert, July 14, 2009 | There’s new support for the idea that warming will be on hold for awhile. But variability is such that Joe Romm may still be right with this prediction. Time will tell.]

One thing that may make this an even tougher challenge is the tendency of some campaigners recently to portray global warming as an unfolding catastrophe here and now. I’ve been criticized by some environmentalists in recent years for writing that the long-term picture (more CO2 = warmer world = less ice = higher seas and lots of climatic and ecological changes) is the only aspect of human-caused global warming that is solidly established, and that efforts to link dramatic weather-related events to the human influence on climate could backfire should nature wiggle the other way for awhile.

Some activists agreed, including Dave Roberts at Grist. His 2006 post also cited a warning to environmentalists from James Hansen, the NASA climatologist. As Dr. Hansen put it at the time:

I am a little concerned about this, in the sense that we are still at a point where the natural fluctuations of climate are still large — at least, the natural fluctuations of weather compared to long-term climate change…. So we don’t want the public to hang their hat on a recent storm, recent hurricanes for example, because those will fluctuate from year to year.


[Insert | Michael Schlesinger of the Univ. of Illinois noted the cautionary conclusion of a climate paper he co-authored with Natalia Andronova in 2000 that says something very similar.]

It’s much harder to build a movement around limiting losses for generations unborn than for ourselves, but if honesty counts, that may be the only way to make climate action stick. Of course, another approach is to build the argument for new non-polluting energy norms around the many benefits — along with climate insurance — that could come from finding abundant, renewable sources.

oil tradersOil traders at the New York Mercantile Exchange last November as prices neared $100 a barrel. (Credit: Hiroke Masuike for The New York Times)

But that approach, too, can be held hostage to vagaries in energy prices. If there is a worldwide recession, say, and oil drops back to $60 a barrel for awhile, will the United States get lulled into another somnolent period like the 1980s through the 1990s, when energy vanished as an issue — through Republican and Democratic congresses and presidents? (In a video accompanying an earlier post, you can see former President Clinton discuss his energy legacy.)

The reality is that we don’t have much of a track record of working for the long haul these days. The oil shocks of the 1970s were followed by low prices, and away went almost all the research and efficiency initiatives that might have reduced American dependence on imported oil (and CO2 emissions). Political debates over the eventual insolvency of Social Security and Medicare are perpetually punted to the next Congress and president. In fact, some experts I’ve talked to over the years actually say global warming has a lot more in common with those looming financial risks than with classic pollution problems like smog and sewage.

One central question I’m exploring with Dot Earth is this: Can a species that evolved as an opportunist (grab those berries, gorge on that fallen antelope) and responder (fight or flee) meaningfully integrate evidence of long-term risks provided by science (on climate) or economics (on Social Security) and act for the sake of the future?

It all reminds me of stages of an individual life. As I’ve said many times before in talks (video of a sustainability talk at Yale), it seems that we’ve been locked in teen-style cow-tipping mode for a couple of centuries, with fossil fuels substituting for testosterone. Now science is kind of like the adult in the room, admonishing the teenagers to clean up their mess and do their homework before it piles up to catastrophic proportions.

In short, the question is: Can we grow up?

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Perhaps the hardships incurred by a decade of cooling will help us realize that a warmer planet is much more hospitable than a cooler one. And then we can focus on adapting to the climate instead of trying to change it.

And we can again focus on the world’s true calamities: malnutrition, deforestation, malaria, AIDS, and pollution of the oceans.

Perhaps we’ll even focus on all of the great reasons for developing alternative energy sources without getting bogged down in the CO2 nonsense.

Your analogy of our species living like teens over the last few centuries is right on. I often think of our attitude toward fossil fuels being similar to many young people’s handling of credit card debt. They just keep piling it on, hoping at some point in the future a fix will come along to help them pay it off.

Regardless of whether you are a believer in human induced climate change or not, its time to grow up, conserve, and find cleaner fuels. And regardless of what you may believe individually, peak oil is close on the horizon and if we don’t grow up now we will be forced to grow up very quickly in the future, with much less time to handle these challenges intelligently.

If the PDO causes cooling in the Northern Hemisphere and a “plateau” in the yearly worldwide average, then obviously it is going to be quite hot in the Southern Hemisphere, with all the attendant problems that will bring (droughts, food riots, social upheaval, etc.).

Will that be enough to drag the American public’s head out of the sand?

I doubt it.

Look at the way the punching-dolls here just roll back for more no matter how many times they are floored.

When science delivers bad news, it only intensifies the flight to religion.

Andy, surely you already know that the punching-dolls will carry on in defiance of Dr. Trenberth’s “Too many think global warming means monotonic relentless warming everywhere year after year. It does not happen that way.”

Andy, yes it is true that you have been criticized for writing that the only firm impact of climate change is more CO2 = warmer world = less ice = higher seas. But can you make an honest argument that changes in weather, which we know will happen, can somehow be positive?

The coming changes in weather would not matter if we were still nomads roaming the planet, like 10,000 years ago. But we aren’t. We are stationary and have built our infrastructure and designed our economy around a current understanding of the landscape and the location of resources.

If people would have know that climate change would impact rainfall in California, do you think they would have started vineyards in Napa. If people would have known that climate change will increase flooding in the Midwest, do you think they would have built so many cities along the Mississippi.

This is big picture analysis that you seem to be missing. Change will cause damage to our economy because we invested so much in our infrastructure.

To ignore this is to really miss the point.

[ANDY REVKIN says: The problem with your “big picture” is that it’s not big enough. The 2007 IPCC report on impacts said that, out through 2050 or so, mid-latitude regions (i.e., all the wealthy North) could see boosted agricultural yields, longer growing seasons, more precipitation. Only later in the century does it all go downhill everywhere. (But maybe we’ll have solar-powered meat factories by then.~~) That all leads to the same political bind if folks are trying to paint this as a real-time, or even near-term, catastrophe. As for your question about the Mississippi and development, you must know that people are already building about $2 billion worth of development in areas that were inundated in 1993. They don’t even worry about KNOWN flooding threats, let alone those that might be amplified in coming decades. Keep in mind I’m not saying that’s a good thing. : – ) ]

“One central question I’m exploring with Dot Earth is this: Can a species that evolved as an opportunist (grab those berries, gorge on that fallen antelope) and responder (fight or flee) meaningfully integrate evidence of long-term risks provided by science …”

a good question; our political realities seem to have evolved to answer the question as, “NOT!”

meanwhile, bad news for the electric car due to potential magnetic field dangers; both skeptics and agw proponents have invested their hopes and dreams in electric, (relatively) fossil-free transportation:

//www.nytimes.com/2008/04/27/automobiles/27EMF.html

All the ad money will go elsewhere. Don’t hear much about Ozone lately from mass media.
Those left standing will be the ones with common sense and facts on their side, the Eco-Loons will go the way of the Dodo bird.
Not sure what side Hansen will come down on, history will judge him on the merits of his work (both science and as a poltical lobbiets). His career in poltical lobbying may or may not still be funded going forward. Or maybe he’ll just have to do science.

[George Mobus comments]

Characterizing our species as a teenager, Andrew asks: “In short, the question is: Can we grow up?”

That is almost exactly the question I asked in Question Everything. In my blog of 4/28, //questioneverything.typepad.com/question_everything/2008/04/what-is-the-str.html (What is the strategic plan for humanity?) I said, “We have been learning in the sense of accumulating a lot of scientifically and emotionally gained knowledge. We have been a child-like species and now it is time to grow up. How shall we develop such a plan?”

Earlier Andrew asks: “Can a species that evolved as an opportunist (grab those berries, gorge on that fallen antelope) and responder (fight or flee) meaningfully integrate evidence of long-term risks provided by science (on climate) or economics (on Social Security) and act for the sake of the future?”

The described behavior would fit most species, not just humans. The issue is, has the human species evolved a mode of behavior that allows it to look beyond the present and plan for the future. The answer seems to be a highly qualified yes. The qualification is that this facility is still quite limited in the majority. It is limited in too many ways to describe here, but one example is the limitations put on individuals by another evolved facility – the need to belong to a small group of US, and see everyone else as THEM. There are other factors that limit an individual’s capacity to see the bigger picture.

Sapience is the mental facility that involves strategic thinking as well as moral reasoning. Combined with a rich set of life experiences, encoded in the form of tacit knowledge, this facility can give rise to wisdom as one matures. But sapience (the reason Linneaus decided to call us Homo sapiens) is a very newly evolved capacity and is still in its infancy (so to speak) relative to general intelligence and creativity (combined to form human cleverness).

Sapience, even if limited in individuals, has helped humans to develop culture and especially science. Now the question of a species growing up is not one of individuals expanding a biologically determined capability somehow, it is a question of evolution. The real question is will humanity evolve (in sufficient time) to become a truly wise species, a Homo eusapiens (true wisdom)?

This is the question that interests me the most.

George

I don’t think that the global warming alarmists have made much political progress in the U.S. even without global cooling. I think if temperatures drop, then they will make even less progress.
While there are many politicians willing to pay lip services to curbing CO2 emissions, I have yet to see any meaningful action by Congress. Congress will not act because politicians know that their careers as politicians will be short-lived if they takes steps to make gas more expensive (either through a direct tax or a cap-and-trade scheme).

“One central question I’m exploring with Dot Earth is this: Can a species that evolved as an opportunist (grab those berries, gorge on that fallen antelope) and responder (fight or flee) meaningfully integrate evidence of long-term risks provided by science (on climate) or economics (on Social Security) and act for the sake of the future?”

It depends. There are individuals always willing to adapt and change. As for societies, it was much easier when populations are small. Hunter-gatherer bands, or even small aggrarian or pastoral societies can very easily move to follow the climate. A nation such as ours, that can’t even agree to disagree, much less a world with almost 7 billion people, cannot change it’s behavior in any meaningful way.

Several years ago, certified green Peter Taylor realised the IPCC climate models were flawed, and after years of studying what the IPCC was considering, has concluded that natural forces probably account for 80% of climate fluctuations, and CO2 forcing about 20%.

Taylor’s 238 page Climate Science Report can be downloaded here: //www.ethos-uk.com/index.html

Why should we pay attention to those whose predictions were so wrong (IPCC), rather than those (solar physicists and ocean current specialists)who years ago properly predicted the current cooling now being acknowledged by the “experts.”

Having said that, Andy, your comments about energy planning could not be better. Political leadership has not existed which could visualize a future when conventional crude oil must give way to whatever is next.

What this really all boils down to is how important our intellect really is. I.e. can we truly bypass all our basic instincts and be intelligent and follow reason, or is reason just a random capacity, a side-effect so to speak, of something more key to our character.

We always brag about our intelligence and how it sets us apart from other species, but so far the evidence has been slim. Here is a chance to show it does matter.

Capt. Concernicus May 1, 2008 · 10:52 am

Are you kidding? Human beings are a greedy bunch. Americans are the worst kind of greedy humans. Not only are we the worst, but to make it even worse is that we’re in control of the most powerful country in the world.

A country with no energy policy and an attention span of a gnat. We can barely look a year or two ahead of ourselves much less 5, 10, or 25 years ahead. It’s a shame really. If we followed through with decent enercy policies (E85 is NOT a decent energy policy) we could probably take our demand down from 21 million barrels a day to 15 million or maybe even less, but no, we push off our problems as the author mentioned to the next administration, the next Congress, the next policy maker etc. We seem to like being a reactive group and not proactive. Well the price we pay will be a big one and I’m sure it’s coming much sooner than some think.

That’s a, if not the, critical question, but I would phrase it differently.

“Can our governmental institutions change, and behave like grown-ups?”

There, I’m afraid, history suggests an answer, and it is “no”. Rarely – or never- do creaky governing systems adapt to great change. What happens is- revolution, and replacement of government.

Boy, do we ever NOT want to think about that. Which, of course, will increase the probability of it coming to pass.

Seriously- does anyone see our US government becoming capable of acting like an adult?

No, we cannot grow up. It is already too late to stop Global Warming – though we might mitigate it somewhat. More likely though, we’ll stumble and bumble the way we usually do, enacting things that are questionably effecatious but politically paletable, like carbon trading and ethanol/biofuels, while ignoring the hard but effective stuff, like carbon taxes. It’s possible more enlightened countries in Europe will lead the way, but they’re too small and vulnerable to lead the way for long. Humans are terrible at thinking of the long term consequeces of their actions – think smoking, overeating, driving without seatbelts, and respond disproportionately to short term rewards – think gambling where a single win can make the gambler forget the next 10 losses; this is why the house always cleans up at 13% or more instead of 1% that would be predicted simply by the odds. We’re even worse at cooperating much beyond our immediate community, or even our family. International cooperation on this scale has never even been tried and already nearly every country is failing to meet the modest goals of Kyoto. China and India thumb their nose at us and tell us America has to fix the probelms of the world – even though they are both running substantial surpluses while we are running record deficits. We can’t even agree on Katrina and we’re going to come up with a comprehensive strategy for global warming, come on. Economically viable solutions will succeed, those done for the “moral good” alone will not.

Why do we think future generations will need our help? They will have more technological capability and will be wealthier than we are. Should Americans in the 19th century have conserved whale oil so there would be plenty for our lamps? How about the forests they cut down to heat their homes and grow their food? Would leaving those forests for our generation have helped them or us?

People are fond of claiming that you can’t legislate morality, but that apparently depends on whose morality.
We can apparently legislate that people ‘grow up’? To say the least, skepticism is warranted.

re: #4 steve bolger

“Look at the way the punching-dolls here just roll back for more no matter how many times they are floored.”

you are in denial, mr. bolger. your rage against the plutocracy blinds you to the reality of agw’s duplicitously political motivations, and makes you incapable of weighing unbiased scientific prognositications.

i think you better attend to your boiler problems, as it’s gonna be getting colder.

don’t worry, i’m sure it’ll be warming in a decade, or two … or three.

Boy these comments are high minded about what the “species” will do. The “species” is pretty smart. $100+/barrel of oil makes us adjust. I look at the oil shock of the ’70’s and 80’s and the anthroprogenic global warming as over reactions. In the former case we were afraid we’d run out of fossile fuels too soon and the latter that we’ll not run out of them soon enough. Expensive energy makes a lot of alternatives competative. Let the market do its work without too much governemnt intervention or we’ll see more people malnourished or starved with an ill concieved bio-fuels energy plan.

re: Poster #1 – “Perhaps the hardships incurred by a decade of cooling will help us realize that a warmer planet is much more hospitable than a cooler one. And then we can focus on adapting to the climate instead of trying to change it.”
Hardships from a decade of cooling? A warmer plant is more hospitable? What about the costs of cooling as opposed to heating? An increase in in tropical diseases as their carriers move further north? There will be some short term agricultural yields (as pointed out), but that won’t last. What about droughts and water loss? A warmer planet is not necessarily a more hospitable environment. It won’t be like every day is a trip to the beach. And for people like myself, who LIKE the cold, well…we’ll just have to move even farther north in order to enjoy a temperate lifestyle.

I agree with your phylogeny recapitulating ontogeny metaphor regarding the environment. Science can be thought of as humanity’s prefrontal cortex. This is the “rational” part of the brain that makes plans, computes the consequences of planned actions, maintains goals, determines what stimuli in the environment are relevant to the goal, and tells the other parts of your brain to not execute every base motor impulse you might have. The PFC is the last brain area to mature ontogenetically, and is the newest part of cortex phylogenetically. In this way, normally, ontogeny is said to recapitulate phylogeny.

If some kind of “supra-intelligence” emerges collectively through culture and science, this maybe thought of the human race evolving a collective prefrontal cortex. Because of this we can now perceive future threats and makes plans to avoid the threat, such as the climate crisis. Just as in some individuals, our collective prefrontal cortex may not be functioning completely adaptively yet. For example, in psychiatric pathologies, the rest of the brain either does not listen to what the signals from the prefrontal cortex are saying, or the prefrontal cortex is not generating the right signals, or they may be too weak to influence behavior. The reasons for this may be lesions in the prefrontal cortex, problems in the neurotransmitters that carry signals through the brain or lesions in other parts of the brain that receive signals from the prefrontal cortex.

If science is our prefrontal cortex, we have to fix its signaling mechanisms. Science needs to send stronger more convincing signals to the rest of human race in order to influence our collective behavior. If this does not happen, the climate crisis might be one evolutionary bottleneck we do not successfully get through.

In re your question “can a species that evolved ….”. IMHO yes, we can and do.
There are many examples of individuals, groups and civilizations planning and executing long term plans that were based on a dream or idea of the possible future. Is it easy, no, but possible , yes.

Who amongst us would not reduce our carbon emissions if there were a reasonable way to do so?

The deficiency is in the technical means. I don’t mean that it is not POSSIBLE for an individual to lower their carbon output, I mean it is not REASONABLE for them to do so given the economic consequenses at this time.

If there was a viable electric vehicle available, even if REASONABLY more costly, that could transport myself and my cargo to the places I need to go while running my Organic vegetable farm from which I support myself, my family and my emploiyees, I would surely purchase such a vehicle as would most of us.

I, like many, am willing to pay a REASONABLE cost to lower carbon output, even though I personally do not see much risk from global warming or increased CO2.
I would do this because I realize
1. I could be wrong, and
2. It seems reasonable to lower my impact upon the earth and to walk lightly.

I think the metaphor of a junkie running through a heroin stash describes the petroleum blowout more accurately than the teenager with the credit card who creates a problem for his parents.

Two points. First, did any computer model predict the recent cooling? (I’m guessing not, but I really don’t know.)

Second, it is clear from this article that the agenda of the alarmists is to impose regulations on all of us. The article overtly states that it’s all about “building a movement.” If it turns out that the global warming theory is soundly falsified, then they’ll find some other justification for forcing us to buy nine dollar light bulbs, raising our taxes, and generally making our lives miserable.

For a very enlightening exploration of the theme about whether humanity can “grow up,” and some provocative ideas about the relation of modern conduct to our evolutionary past, I very highly recommend the book Ishmael, by Daniel Quinn.